Pharmacology

Prof Maj ® Dr Khalida Ajmal

  • Comparison of Sitagliptin versus sulphonylureas for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitis DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17283810
  • Comparative evaluation of trimetazidine and lovastatin in preventing doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: a biochemical and histopathological study in mice./ September / Rawal Med J. 2025;50(4):915.
  • Evaluation and comparison of the sedative and anxiolytic effects of dexmedetomidine and pregabalin with alprazolam in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectom /Octuber/ 2025/ Rawal Med J. 2025;50(4):915.
  • Dexmetomedine leads to ameli/ation of stress response during surgery/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.9.8792
  •  A Prevention of doxorubicin-associated cardiac toxicity by metformin, vitamin E, and carvedilol: a comparative study /September 2024 Rawal Med J. 2024;49(3):669–72
  • https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287195997_ Ajmal_K _Early_detection_of_doxorubicin-induced_cardiotoxocity_and_ its_prevention_by_a tocopherol_Pakistan_Armed_Forces_Medical_Journal  643
  • Acute effect of insulin on guinea pig airways and its amelioration by pre-treatment with salbutamol: Mahjabeen Sharif, Bushra Tayyaba Khan, Khalida Ajmal, Mohammad Asim Anwar. PMID: 25252521 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25252521/
  • ijbcp.com doi: 10.5455/2319-2003. ijbcp20150420: Early detection of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and its prevention by carvedilol. Ajmal K et al. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2015 Apr; 4(2):278-283
  • Paroxetine: An update of response on intestinal motility. JPMA 66: 240; 2016 http://www.jpma.org.pk/PdfDownload/7647.pdf
  • (PDF) ResearchGate https://www.researchgate.net › publication › 299765002Afzal, A., Ajmal, K., Rafiq, S. and Ara,I. “CITALOPRAM:A NOVAL ANTIDEPRESSANT” International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 03, Issue 03, pp.1376-1378,  March, 2016
  • Isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity and its amelioration with ethanolic extract of stem bark of Berberis lycium Royale in mice. Saima Rafiq, Khalida Ajmal, Ayesha Afzal https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20173270
  • Comparison of protective effects of carvedilol and α-tocopherol on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxocity. Ajmal K et al. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Sep; 8(9):1944-1950 https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319
  • Rafique S, Ajmal K, Naeem U, Waheed A, Afzal A, Munir A, et al. Comparison of hepatoprotective effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Berberis lycium Royle (Sumbloo) in isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity in male mice model. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2020;9:835-43.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp2020216
  • Effect of Fluoxetine and Paroxetine on Intestinal Motility in Presence of Ondansetron in ex-vivo Model. Life & Science. 2020 Jul; 1(3)  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342778402
  • Sikandar A, Farhat K, Afzal A, Ajmal K, Laeeq M, Khokhar A. Protective effects of trimetazidine against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in mice. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad. 2020 Jul 15;32(3):304 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32829541/
  • Protective Effects of Metformin on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity and its Early Detection. 185-189 Khalida Ajmal 2. Saima Rafique 3. Ayesha Afzal 4. Abeera Sikandar 5. Uzma Naeem https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shahzad-Alam-Khan/publication/348630426_Frequency_of_subclavian_vein_thrombosis_in_patients_with_central_vein_catheter/links/60083bdd299bf14088aacf68/Frequency-of-subclavian-vein-thrombosis-in-patients-with-central-vein-catheter.pdf
  • Protective Role of Stem-Bark Ethanolic Extract of Sumbloo (Berberis Lycium Royale) Against Rifampicin Induced Liver Damage in BALB/C Mice. Rafique S et al. Med. Forum, 2020 Sept; 31(9)50-53   https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shahzad-AlamKhan/publication/348630426_Frequency_of_subclavian_vein_thrombosis_in_patients_with_central_vein_catheter/links/60083bdd299bf14088aacf68/Frequency-of-subclavian-vein-thrombosis-in-patients-with-central-vein-catheter.pdf
  • Liver Toxicity Incited by Rifampicin & its Remedy by Aqueous Extract Preparation of Stem Bark of Barberry (Berberis Lycium Royale) In Male Mice. Saima Rafique, Ayesha Afzal, Abeera Sikandar, Lubna Ghazal, Lubna Ehtizaz and Khalida Ajmal. Med. Forum, 2020;31 (11):20-23 http://www.medforum.pk
  • Histopathological features of rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity and its mitigation with aqueous extract of stem bark of darhaldi (berberis lycium royale) in male mice. Rafique S, Afzal A, Khan A, Khakhar A, Ajmal K, Farooqi, R. JPUMHS;2020; 10(03)135-141https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346727361_
  • NIGELLA SATIVA: ROLE IN IRON OVERLOAD. Maryam Naeem, Muniba Razaq, Uzma Naeem, Saima Rafique, Khalida Ajmal, Tasneem Murad. Pakistan Journal of Physiology,2021 17(2), pp.20-23 http://www.pps.org.pk/PJP/17-2/Maryam.pdf
  • Ajmal, K., Khan, B. T., Hashim, R., & Bakhtiar, S. (2014). EARLY DETECTION OF DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED CARDIOTOXOCITY AND ITS PREVENTION BY α-TOCOPHEROL. PAFMJ, 64(3), 384-90
  • Sharif, M., Khan, B. T., Ajmal, K., & Anwar, M. A. (2014). Acute effect of insulin on guinea pig airways and its amelioration by pre-treatment with salbutamol. J Pak Med Assoc, 64(8), 932-5.
  • Ajmal, K., Sharif, M., Afzal, A., Khan, B. T., & Ajmal, M. (2015). Early detection of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and its prevention by carvedilol. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 4(2), 278.
  • Afzal, A., Ajmal, K., Shakir, S., Khan, B. T., & Ara, I. (2016). Paroxetine: An update of response on intestinal motility. J Pak Med Assoc, 66(3), 240-2.
  • Afzal, Ayesha. (2016). Citalopram: Anoval antidepressant. IJRAMR Vol.3, issue 03, PP .1376-1378
  • Rafique, S., Afzal, A., Shakir, S., Ajmal, K., Ghazal, L., & Ehtizaz, L. (2020). Protective Role of Stem-Bark Ethanolic Extract of Sumbloo (Berberis Lycium Royale) against Rifampicin Induced Liver Damage in BALB/C Mice. 1. Rise in Population Growth and its Disadvantages, 31(9), 50.
  • Sikandar, A., Ajmal, K., Afzal, A., Rafique, S., Zafar, A. and Tehseen, T., 2023. Evaluating The Protective Effects Of Lovastatin Against Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity In Balb-C Mice. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad-Pakistan, 35(2).

 

Dr Ayesha Afzal

  • Comparative evaluation of trimetazidine and lovastatin in preventing doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: a biochemical and histopathological study in mice./September / Rawal Med J. 2025;50(4):915.
  •  Evaluation and comparison of the sedative and anxiolytic effects of dexmedetomidine and pregabalin with alprazolam in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectom /October/ 2025/ Rawal Med J. 2025;50(4):915.
  • Impact of CYP3A4 single nucleotide polymorphism on lidocaine therapy in Pakistani population./June / J Pak Med Assoc. 2025;74(6):870–6.DOI: https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.20095Evaluation Of Educational Environment Based On Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure Inventory In Institute Of Nursing: A Cross-Sectional Study  September 2024  Rawal Med J. Vol. 28 No. 3 (2024)
  • A Prevention of doxorubicin-associated cardiac toxicity by metformin, vitamin E, and carvedilol: a comparative study /September 2024 Rawal Med J. 2024;49(3):669–72
  • Afzal A, Syed WA, Farooqi R, Mansoor Q, Farhat K, Khan A, Ara I. Role of lidocaine and its effect on postoperative outcomes in abdominal cholecystectomy J Pak Med Assoc (JPMA) June 2022. Vol. 72, No. 6, 1048-1052 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35751307/
  • Khan, A.K.A., Afzal, A.A.A., Chaudhry, Z.A.C.Z.A. and Rafique, S.R.S., 2022. Efficacy of Melatonin and Pentoxifylline combination therapy in treatment of endotoxin induced hepatic dysfunction in white albino mice. Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 26(1).(http://journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/download/1597/1585)
  • Afzal A, Khan A , Khan A , Farooqi R , Khan BT and Ara I. Effect of paroxetine on intestinal motility in the presence of ondansetron J. Pharm. Sci., Vol.33, No.3, May 2020, pp.1169-1172 http://173.208.131.244:9060/xmlui/handle/123456789/12975
  • Afzal A , Khan A , Ajmal K , Sikandar A , Rafiqu S , Farooqi R , Khan BT , Ara I. Effect of Fluoxetine and Paroxetine on Intestinal Motility in Presence of Ondansetron in ex-vivo Model Life & Science 2020 Vol. 1, No. 3 98-102 http://www.lifenscience.org/2020/07/07/effect-of-fluoxetine-and-paroxetine-on-intestinal-motility-in-presence-of-ondansetron-in-ex-vivo-model/
  • Sharif M, Khan BT, Afzal A, Malik FQ, Anwar AM (2020)4 Protective Effect of Nedocromil Against Insulin Induced Airway Hyper-Reactivity. J Saidu Med Coll Swat 2020;10(2):107-110.https://jsmc.pk/index.php/jsmc/article/view/315
  • Sikandar A, Farhat K, Afzal A, Ajmal K, Laeeq M, Khokhar A. Protective effects of trimetazidine against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. J Ayub Med Coll Abbotabad 2020; 32(3): 304-309.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32829541/
  • Rafique S, Afzal A, Sikandar A, Ghazal L, Ehtizaz L and Ajmal K. (2020) Liver Toxicity Incited by Rifampicin & its Remedy by Aqueous Extract Preparation of Stem Bark of Barberry (Berberis Lycium Royale) In Male Mice. Forum, 2020;31 (11):20-23http://www.medforum.pk
  • Rafique S, Afzal A, Khan A, Khakhar A, Ajmal K, Farooqi, R (2020) Histopathological features of rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity and its mitigation with aqueous extract of stem bark of darhaldi (berberis lycium royale) in male mice. JPUMHS;2020; 10(03)135-141.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346727361_
  • Rafique S, Afzal A, Shakir S, Ajmal K, Ghazal L, Ehtizaz L Protective role of ethanolic extract of sumbloo (Berberis lyceum Royale) against Rifampicin induced liver damagein BALB/C Mice. Forum, Vol 31, No 9 (2020).https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shahzad-Alam-Khan/publication/348630426_Frequency_of_subclavian_vein_thrombosis_in_patients_with_central_vein_catheter/links/60083bdd299bf14088aacf68/Frequency-of-subclavian-vein-thrombosis-in-patients-with-central-vein-catheter.pdf
  • Ajmal K, Rafique S, Afzal A, Sikandar A, Naeem U. Protective effects of metformin ondoxurubicin induced cardiotoxicity and its early detection. Med. Forum, Vol 31, No 9 (2020).https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shahzad-Alam
  • Khan A, Afzal A, Butt HA, Waheed A. Adequacy of phosphodiesterase inhibitor in prevention and treatment of LPS induced organ failure in BALB/c mice March 2019 | Vol 8 | Issue 3 549-555https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/sea-200063
  • Ajmal K*, Ajmal M , Afzal A , Saima , Naeem U, Sikandar A. Comparison of protective effects of carvedilol and α-tocopherol on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxocity International Journal of  Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (IJBCP) Sept: Vol.08, No.9(2019)..1944-1950https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319
  • Rafique S, Ajmal K, Afzal A. “ Isoniazid Induced Hepatotoxicity and its amelioration with ethanolic extract of stem bark of Berberis lycium Royale in mice” International Journal of  Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (IJBCP) Vol.06, No.8(2017) http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20173270
  • Afzal A, Khan BT, BAkhtiar S. “Ondansetron: A newer aspect of dose response relationship on ileal smooth muscles of rabbit” published in “Pak J Pharm Sci.2016 Jan; 29(1):119-124”.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26826825/
  • Afzal A, Sharif M, Khan A, Khan BT, Ara I.  Effect of fluoxetine and paroxetine on intestinal motility. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology | March 2018 | Vol 7 | Issue 3 pg 429-432https://www.ijbcp.com/index.php/ijbcp/article/view/2241
  • Afzal A, Waheed A, Ahmad NS, Khan BT, Ara I. Effect of Luminally Released Psychoactive Drugs on Intestinal Motility in Vitro. Saudi J. Med. Pharm. Sci., Vol-4, Iss-2 (Feb, 2018): 235-237http://scholarsmepub.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/SJMPS-42-235-237-c.pdf
  • Khan A, Afzal A, Butt R, Waheed A. Comparative efficacy of melatonin in attenuation of endotoxin/LPS induced hepatotoxicity in BALB/c mic International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology Vol-7, Iss-6 (June 2018)1191-1199https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/sea-199729
  • Afzal A, Ajmal K, Shair S, Khan BT, Ara I. Paroxeitine: An update of response on intestinal motility J Pak Med Assoc. 2016 Mar; 6(3):240-2.http://www.jpma.org.pk/PdfDownload/7647.pdf
  • Afzal A, Ajmal K, Rafique S, Khan BT, Ara I. Citalopram: A noval antidepressant International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research   03, Issue 03, pp.1376-1378, March, 2016
  • Afzal, Ayesha. (2016). Citalopram: Anoval antidepressant. IJRAMR Vol.3, issue 03, PP .1376-1378
  • Rafique, S., Afzal, A., Shakir, S., Ajmal, K., Ghazal, L., & Ehtizaz, L. (2020). Protective Role of Stem-Bark Ethanolic Extract of Sumbloo (Berberis Lycium Royale) against Rifampicin Induced Liver Damage in BALB/C Mice. 1. Rise in Population Growth and its Disadvantages, 31(9), 50.
  • Sikandar, A., Ajmal, K., Afzal, A., Rafique, S., Zafar, A. and Tehseen, T., 2023. Evaluating The Protective Effects Of Lovastatin Against Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity In Balb-C Mice. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad-Pakistan, 35(2).
  • THE ROLE OF OPRM1 (rs1799971) GENETIC VARIANT IN MODULATING THE ANALGESIC EFFECT OF TRAMADOL IN POSTOPERATIVE PAIN
    https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i18.3155
  • Khan, A., Hakim, Z., Waheed, A., Ibrar, N., Afzal, A. and Munir, A., 2023. Imatinib resistance in CML and its association with age & gender. The Professional Medical Journal, 30(10), pp.1275-1280.

Dr. SAIMA RAFIQUE

  • Comparative evaluation of trimetazidine and lovastatin in preventing doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: a biochemical and histopathological study in mice./September / Rawal Med J. 2025;50(4):915.
  • Impact of CYP3A4 single nucleotide polymorphism on lidocaine therapy in Pakistani population./June / J Pak Med Assoc. 2025;74(6):870–6.DOI: https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.20095
  • Comparative efficacy of tocotrienol and tocopherol (vitamin E) on atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in humans June 2024 Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 74(6), 1124–1129. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.9227
  • Evaluation Of Educational Environment Based On Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure Inventory In Institute Of Nursing: A Cross-Sectional Study September 2024 Rawal Med J. 2024;49(3):669–72
  • Prevention of doxorubicin-associated cardiac A toxicity by metformin, vitamin E, and carvedilol: a comparative study Evaluation Of Educational Environment Based On Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure Inventory In Institute Of Nursing: A Cross-Sectional Study /September 2024  Rawal Med J. 28 No. 3 (2024)
  • Rafiq, Saima, Adnan Jehangir, and Samina Iltaf. “Hepatoprotective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Stem Bark of Berberis Lycium Royale in Isoniazid Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice.” Journal of Islamic International Medical College Quarterly92 (2015): 256.(https://scholar.archive.org/work/byexllhyfrffxecmjjybnoo26e/access/wayback/http://jiimc.riphah.edu.pk/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/JIIMC-December-2015-Final-new.pdf#page=22)
  • Lohana, Ashok Kumar, Saima Rafique, Jagdesh Kumar, Safdar Ali Pervez Tunio, Safdar Ali Jamali, and Ghulam Mustafa Jamali. “ASSESSMENT OF ADHERENCE AND COST EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTILIPIDEMIC AND ANTIDIABETIC MEDICATIONS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF NAWABSHAH, PAKISTAN.” (https://www.jpumhs.pumhs.edu.pk/files/4.%20ASSESSMENT%20OF%20ADHERENCE%20AND%20COST%20EFFECTIVENESS%20OF%20ANTILIPIDEMIC%20AND%20ANTIDIABETIC%20MEDICATIONS%20AT%20TERTIARY%20CARE%20HOSPITAL%20OF%20NAWABSHAH,%20PAKISTAN..pdf)
  • Rafique, Saima, Ayesha Afzal, Ammara Khan, Aamna Khokhar, Khalida Ajmal, and Rashada Farooqi. “HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF RIFAMPICIN INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY AND ITS MITIGATION WITH AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF STEM BARK OF DARHALDI (BERBERIS LYCIUM ROYALE) IN MALE MICE.” (https://www.jpumhs.pumhs.edu.pk/files/28.%20HISTOPATHOLOGICAL%20FEATURES%20OF%20RIFAMPICIN%20INDUCED%20HEPATOTOXICITY%20AND%20ITS%20MITIGATION%20WITH%20AQUEOUS%20EXTRACT%20OF%20STEM%20BARK%20OF%20DARHALDI%20(BERBERIS%20LYCIUM%20ROYALE)%20IN%20MALE%20MICE..pdf)
  • Rafique, Saima, Ayesha Afzal, Abeera Sikandar, Lubna Ghazal, Lubna Ehtizaz, and Khalida Ajmal. “Liver Toxicity Incited by Rifampicin & its Remedy by Aqueous Extract Preparation of Stem Bark of Barberry (Berberis Lycium Royale) in Male Mice Model.” National Editorial Advisory Board31, no. 11 (2020).(http://www.medforum.pk/index.php/get-publish-file/1059-5%20%20SAIMA%20%20%20RAFIQUE-1622745251.pdf)
  • Ajmal, Khalida, Saima Rafique, Ayesha Afzal, Abeera Sikandar, and Uzma Naeem. “Protective effects of metformin on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and its early detection.” In Medical Forum, vol. 31, no. 9, pp. 185-9. 2020.(https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shahzad-Alam-Khan/publication/348630426_Frequency_of_subclavian_vein_thrombosis_in_patients_with_central_vein_catheter/links/60083bdd299bf14088aacf68/Frequency-of-subclavian-vein-thrombosis-in-patients-with-central-vein-catheter.pdf#page=191)
  • Saima Rafique, Ayesha Afzal, Sabeen Shakir, Khalida Ajmal, Lubna Ghazal, Lubna Ehtizaz “ Protective role of stem bark of ethanolic extract of of  Sumbloo (Berberis lycium Royale) against Rifampicin induced Liver Damage in BALB/C Mice” Med. Forum, Vol.31, No.9(2020)
  • Afzal, Ayesha, Ammara Khan, Khalida Ajmal, Abeera Sikandar, Saima Rafiqu, Rashida Farooqi, Bushra Tayyaba Khan, and Iffat Ara. “Effect of Fluoxetine and Paroxetine on Intestinal Motility in Presence of Ondansetron in ex-vivo Model.” Life and Science1, no. 3 (2020): 5-5. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.58(http://13.67.75.196/index.php/life-and-science/article/download/58/29)
  • ZUNNERA RASHID CHAUDHRY1, SABEEN SHAKIR2, SANA RASHEED3, ERUM RASHID4, SAIMA RAFIQUE, FAIZA RASHEED6 Glucose-Lowering and Weight Improving Effect of Syzygium Aromaticum(clove)Extract on Diabetic Rats P J M H S Vol. 14, NO. 2, APR –JUN 2020
  • Shah, Furqan Ali, Sabeen Shakir, Saima Rafique, and Ambar Shuaib. “Reduction of liver enzyme ALT by berberis lycium in acetaminophen induced hepatic damage in mice liver.” The Professional Medical Journal28, no. 03 (2021): 287-292.(http://www.theprofesional.com/index.php/tpmj/article/download/6009/4445)
  • HINA ASLAM1, SAIMA RAFIQUE2, SIDRA MUMAL 3, FURQAN ALI SHAH 4 , ABEERAH ZAINUB5 , AAMNA KHOKHAR Comparison of glucose lowering ability of Pioglitazone and Glimepiride in Steptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes mellitus male mice model P J M H S Vol. 15, NO. 6, JUN 2021(https://pjmhsonline.com/2021/june/2156.pdf)
  • Ehtizaz, L,Haider, S, Fayyaz, M., Ansar, A., Nazir, S., Rafique, S. Neonatal sepsis and resistance pattern of isolates in Tertiary level neonatal unit: Time to  evaluate  the  empirical  antibiotics Selection, Journal  of  Rawalpindi  Medical  30 Jun . 2021; 25(2):264269 https://www.academia.edu/download/84304752/1216.pdf
  • Naeem, M., Razaq, M., Naeem, U., Rafique, S., Ajmal, K. and Murad, T., 2021. NIGELLA SATIVA: ROLE IN IRON OVERLOAD. Pakistan Journal of Physiology, 17(2), pp.20-23.( http://pjp.pps.org.pk/index.php/PJP/article/view/1303/704)
  • ASLAM, H., RAFIQUE, S., MUMAL, S., SHAH, F.A., ZAINUB, A. and KHOKHAR, A., Comparison of glucose lowering ability of Pioglitazone and Glimepiride in Steptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes mellitus male mice model. Group, 9, pp.0-000. (https://pjmhsonline.com/2021/june/2156.pdf)
  • Khan, A.K.A., Afzal, A.A.A., Chaudhry, Z.A.C.Z.A. and Rafique, S.R.S., 2022. Efficacy of Melatonin and Pentoxifylline combination therapy in treatment of endotoxin induced hepatic dysfunction in white albino mice. Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 26(1).
  • (http://journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/download/1597/1585)
  • Rafique S, Ajmal K, Naeem U, Waheed A, Afzal A, Munir A, et al. Comparison of hepatoprotective effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Berberis lycium Royle (Sumbloo) in isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity in male mice model. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2020;9:835-43 (https://www.academia.edu/download/70293344/2878.pdf)
  • Saima Rafiq, Khalida Ajmal , Ayesha Afzal “ Isoniazid Induced Hepatotoxicity and its amelioration with ethanolic extract of stem bark of Berberis lycium Royale in mice”  International Journal of  Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (IJBCP) Vol.06, No.8(2017) http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20173270
  • Ajmal K, Ajmal M, Afzal A, Saima, Naeem U, Sikandar A. Comparison of protective effects of carvedilol and α-tocopherol on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2019;8:1944-50.
  • Afzal, A., 2Ajmal, K., 3Rafiq, S.and4 Ara,I“CITALOPRAM:A NOVAL ANTIDEPRESSANT” International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 03, Issue 03, pp.1376-1378, March, 20
  • Rafiq, S., Jehangir, A., & Iltaf, S. (2015). Hepatoprotective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Stem Bark of Berberis Lycium Royale in Isoniazid Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice. Journal of Islamic International Medical College Quarterly, 92, 256.
  • Rafique, S., Afzal, A., Shakir, S., Ajmal, K., Ghazal, L., & Ehtizaz, L. (2020). Protective Role of Stem-Bark Ethanolic Extract of Sumbloo (Berberis Lycium Royale) against Rifampicin Induced Liver Damage in BALB/C Mice. 1. Rise in Population Growth and its Disadvantages, 31(9), 50.
  • Sikandar, A., Ajmal, K., Afzal, A., Rafique, S., Zafar, A. and Tehseen, T., 2023. Evaluating The Protective Effects Of Lovastatin Against Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity In Balb-C Mice. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad-Pakistan, 35(2).
  • Melatonin attenuates drug induced liver injury caused by combined effect of methotrexate and isoniazid
    RMJ. 2023; 48(4): 1061-1064
  • Rafique, S., Khan, D.A., Farhat, K., Noor, M., Khan, M.A. and Sharif, M., 2023. Tocopherol Vs Tocotrienol (Vitamin E) in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome. Isra Medical Journal, 15(2).
  • Rafique, S., Khan, D.A., Farhat, K., Khan, M.A., Noor, M. and Sharif, M., 2024. Comparative efficacy of tocotrienol and tocopherol (vitamin E) on atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in humans. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 74(6), pp.1124-1129.

Dr. Abeera Sikandar

  • Effect of oral ondansetron on gastrointestinal transit time when used in combination with oral rehydration therapy in acute gastroenteritis. /September 2024 Rawal Med J. 2024;49(3):479–83.
  • Impact of CYP3A4 single nucleotide polymorphism on lidocaine therapy in Pakistani population./ June / J Pak Med Assoc. 2025;74(6):870–6.DOI: https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.20095
  • Evaluation and comparison of the sedative and anxiolytic effects of dexmedetomidine and pregabalin with alprazolam in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.//October/ 2025/ Rawal Med J.  20 25;50(4):915.
  • Comparative evaluation of trimetazidine and lovastatin in preventing doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: a biochemical and histopathological study in mic/September / Rawal Med J.2025;50(4):915.
  • A Prevention of doxorubicin-associated cardiac toxicity by metformin, vitamin E, and carvedilol: a comparative study /September 2024 Rawal Med J. 2024;49(3):669–72
  • Sikandar A, Farhat K, Afzal A, Ajmal K, Laeeq M, Khokhar A. Protective effects of trimetazidine against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. J Ayub Med Coll Abbotabad 2020; 32(3): 304-309.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32829541/
  • Rafique, Saima, Ayesha Afzal, Abeera Sikandar, Lubna Ghazal, Lubna Ehtizaz, and Khalida Ajmal. “Liver Toxicity Incited by Rifampicin & its Remedy by Aqueous Extract Preparation of Stem Bark of Barberry (Berberis Lycium Royale) in Male Mice Model.” National Editorial Advisory Board31, no. 11 (2020).(http://www.medforum.pk/index.php/get-publish-file/1059-5%20%20SAIMA%20%20%20RAFIQUE-1622745251.pdf)
  • Afzal, Ayesha, Ammara Khan, Khalida Ajmal, Abeera Sikandar, Saima Rafiqu, Rashida Farooqi, Bushra Tayyaba Khan, and Iffat Ara. “Effect of Fluoxetine and Paroxetine on Intestinal Motility in Presence of Ondansetron in ex-vivo Model.” Life and Science1, no. 3 (2020): 5-5. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.58(http://13.67.75.196/index.php/life-and-science/article/download/58/29)
  • Sikandar, Abeera; Farhat, Kulsoom; Hamza, Amir. Evaluation and comparison of the hepatoprotective effects of trimetazidine and lovastatinagainst doxorubicin induced hepatotoxicity.International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology | April 2019 | Vol 8 | Issue 4 pg 693-699https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/sea-200088
  • Ajmal K*, Ajmal M , Afzal A , Saima , Naeem U, Sikandar A. Comparison of protective effects of carvedilol and α-tocopherol on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxocity International Journal of  Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (IJBCP) Sept: Vol.08, No.9(2019)..1944-1950 https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319 Dr. Aymen Zafar
  • Efficacy and Beneficial Effects of Sofosbuvir With Daclatasvir on Liver Functions Of Earlier  Treatment Failure Patients Infected with Genotype 3 Of Hepatitis C Virus”Yaseen, S., Farhat, K., Gul, M., Zaidi, S., Saqib, M., & Zafar, A. (2020). EFFICACY AND BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF SOFOSBUVIR WITH DACLATASVIR ON LIVER FUNCTIONS OF EARLIER TREATMENT FAILURE PATIENTS INFECTED WITH GENOTYPE 3 OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS. Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 70(2), 584-89Link:  https://www.pafmj.org/index.php/PAFMJ/article/view/4237/2651
  • “Impact of Vit D3 On Hba1c in Individuals with Pre-Diabetes”Ata, N., Khan, M., Ali, S., Farhat, K., Ishaq, N., & Zafar, A. (2020). IMPACT OF VITAMIN D3, ON HBA1C IN INDIVIDUALS WITH PRE-DIABETES. Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 70(4), 1081-85Link: https://www.pafmj.org/index.php/PAFMJ/article/view/5097/2856
  • “The Effect of High Dose and Low Dose Pregabalin as Premedication on Preoperative Anxiety and Sedation Levels”Zafar, A., Farhat, K., Saeed, M., Khan, W., Ali, S., & Ata, N. (2021). THE EFFECT OF HIGH DOSE AND LOW DOSE PREGABALIN AS PREMEDICATION ON PREOPERATIVE ANXIETY AND SEDATION LEVELS. PAFMJ, 71(5), 1759-63.Link: https://www.pafmj.org/index.php/PAFMJ/article/view/3999
  • “Intra-Articular Piroxicam and Triamcinolone in a Rat Model Of Osteoarthritis; Elevation and Comparison Of Chondroprotective Efficacy”Ishaq, N., Ata, N., Saqib, M., Shaheen, B., Zafar, A., Malik, A. (2022). Intra-Articular Piroxicam and Triamcinolone in a Rat Model Of Osteoarthritis; Elevation and Comparison Of Chondroprotective Efficacy. JAMC, 34(1), 53-57.Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35466627/
  • Sikandar, A., Ajmal, K., Afzal, A., Rafique, S., Zafar, A. and Tehseen, T., 2023. Evaluating The Protective Effects Of Lovastatin Against Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity In Balb-C Mice. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad-Pakistan, 35(2).
  • Melatonin attenuates drug induced liver injury caused by combined effect of methotrexate and isoniazid
    RMJ. 2023; 48(4): 1061-1064

Dr. Iffat Ara

    • Afzal, A., Ajmal, K., Shakir, S., Khan, B. T., & Ara, I. (2016). Paroxetine: An update of response on intestinal motility. J Pak Med Assoc, 66(3), 240-2.
    • Afzal, Ayesha. (2016). Citalopram: Anoval antidepressant. IJRAMR Vol.3, issue 03, PP .1376-1378